What is the primary function of an electroencephalogram (EEG)?

The primary function of an electroencephalogram (EEG) is to detect electrical activity in the brain. This non-invasive diagnostic tool measures the electrical impulses generated by the neurons as they communicate with each other. By placing electrodes on the scalp, the EEG captures these electrical signals and translates them into graphical representations that can help identify abnormalities in brain function.

This information is crucial for diagnosing various neurological conditions, such as epilepsy, sleep disorders, and brain injuries. The ability to observe how the brain responds during different tasks or states, such as sleep, enhances the understanding of underlying health issues.

In comparison, other functions mentioned, such as measuring brain temperature, monitoring heart rate, or administering electrical shocks, do not pertain to the primary capabilities of an EEG. Each of these tasks is associated with different medical equipment and methodologies, clarifying why detecting electrical activity is the central role of an EEG.